{"product_id":"is-justified-true-belief-knowledge","title":"Is Justified True Belief Knowledge","description":"\u003cp\u003eFor 2,000 years, the standard philosophical model of knowledge was that it could be defined as a justified true belief. According to this way of thinking, we can know, for example, that we are human because [1] we believe ourselves to be human; [2] that belief is justified (others treat us as humans, not as dogs); and [3] the belief is true. This definition, which dates to Plato, was challenged by Edmund Gettier in one of the most influential works of philosophy published in the last century – a three page paper that produced two clear examples of justified true beliefs that could not, in fact, be considered knowledge. \u003c\/p\u003e\u003cp\u003eGettier''s achievement rests on solid foundations provided by his mastery of the critical thinking skill of analysis. By understanding the way in which Plato – and every other epistemologist – had built their arguments, he was able to identify the relationships between the parts, and the assumptions that underpinned then. That precise understanding was what Gettier required to mount a convincing challenge to the theory – one that was bolstered by a reasoning skill that put his counter case pithily, and in a form his colleagues found all but unchallengeable.\u003c\/p\u003e","brand":"MediaPlace","offers":[{"title":"Default Title","offer_id":57310727635326,"sku":"NW9781912127498","price":8.67,"currency_code":"GBP","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0817\/1379\/1261\/files\/9781912127498.jpg?v=1778583442","url":"https:\/\/mediaplace.com\/products\/is-justified-true-belief-knowledge","provider":"MediaPlace","version":"1.0","type":"link"}