{"product_id":"out-of-empire","title":"Out Of Empire","description":"The history of decolonization is usually written backward, as if the end-point (a world of juridically equivalent nation-states) was known from the start. But the routes out of colonial empire appear more varied. Some Africans sought equal rights within empire, others to federate among themselves; some sought independence. In London or Paris, officials realized they had to reform colonial empires, but not necessarily give them up. The idea of “development” became a way to assert that empires could be made both more productive and more legitimate. Frederick Cooper explores how these alternative possibilities narrowed between 1945 and approximately 1960.","brand":"MediaPlace","offers":[{"title":"Default Title","offer_id":57192208531838,"sku":"NW9783847100973","price":12.32,"currency_code":"GBP","in_stock":false}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0817\/1379\/1261\/files\/9783847100973.jpg?v=1778554138","url":"https:\/\/mediaplace.com\/products\/out-of-empire","provider":"MediaPlace","version":"1.0","type":"link"}